The Kopotun Subpermanent Transform Inequality
Version 1 / Nov 10, 2026 / CC BY 4.0
Abstract
We prove the subpermanent transform inequality conjectured by Kopotun in 1996: for every doubly stochastic matrix of order and every , . Here is the sum of all subpermanents of order , and has every entry . Equality holds exactly at .
Tools used
- OpenAI
- GPT-5.6-sol
- OpenAI
- GPT-6 Astra
- Anthropic
- Claude FableVersion 5
- Anthropic
- Claude FableVersion 5.1
References
- K. A. Kopotun, ``A note on the convexity of the sum of subpermanents,'' Linear Algebra and its Applications 245 (1996), 157--169. doi:10.1016/0024-3795(94)00228-2 (https://doi.org/10.1016/0024-3795(94)00228-2).DOI
- L. Gurvits, ``Van der Waerden/Schrijver-Valiant like conjectures and stable (aka hyperbolic) homogeneous polynomials: One theorem for all,'' Electronic Journal of Combinatorics 15 (2008), Research Paper 66. arXiv:0711.3496 (https://arxiv.org/abs/0711.3496).arXiv
- M. Laurent and A. Schrijver, ``On Leonid Gurvits's proof for permanents,'' American Mathematical Monthly 117 (2010), 903--911. doi:10.4169/000298910X523380 (https://doi.org/10.4169/000298910X523380).DOI
- Y. Lavi, ``The Marcus-Minc Transform Inequality,'' preprint (2026). arXiv:2609.29262v1 (https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.29262v1).arXiv
- Y. Lavi, ``The Wang Transform Inequality,'' preprint (2026). arXiv:2609.31794v1 (https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.31794v1).arXiv
- E. T. H. Wang, ``On a conjecture of M. Marcus and H. Minc,'' Linear and Multilinear Algebra 5 (1977), 145--148. doi:10.1080/03081087708817189 (https://doi.org/10.1080/03081087708817189).DOI
- D. K. Chang, ``Minimum and maximum permanents of certain doubly stochastic matrices,'' Linear and Multilinear Algebra 24 (1988), 39--44. doi:10.1080/03081088808817895 (https://doi.org/10.1080/03081088808817895).DOI
- I. M. Wanless, ``The Holens-- oković conjecture on permanents fails!'' Linear Algebra and its Applications 286 (1999), 273--285. doi:10.1016/S0024-3795(98)10177-5 (https://doi.org/10.1016/S0024-3795(98)10177-5).DOI
- S. Friedland, ``A proof of a generalized van der Waerden conjecture on permanents,'' Linear and Multilinear Algebra 11 (1982), 107--120. doi:10.1080/03081088208817436 (https://doi.org/10.1080/03081088208817436).DOI
- S. Friedland and L. Gurvits, ``Generalized Friedland--Tverberg inequality: applications and extensions,'' arXiv:math/0603410v2 (https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0603410v2) (2006). Shorter published version: ``Lower Bounds for Partial Matchings in Regular Bipartite Graphs and Applications to the Monomer--Dimer Entropy,'' Combinatorics, Probability and Computing 17 (2008), 347--361. doi:10.1017/S0963548307008747 (https://doi.org/10.1017/S0963548307008747).arXivDOI