Conjectures of Ashoke Sen: Scope, Exact Tests and Analytic Limits

A mix of human-written and AI-generated textHuman understanding: some partsmath-ph — Mathematical Physicsmath.NT — Number Theory

Contributed by Deep Bhattacharjee ↗

Version 1 / Oct 26, 2026 / CC BY 4.0

Abstract

We examine thirty-six selected statements associated with Ashoke Sen's work on duality, tachyon condensation, black hole indices and string field theory. The purpose is to distinguish mathematical results within a specified framework, physical conjectures, and extensions beyond the assumptions used in a derivation. Exact product expansions reproduce known negative dyon indices in toroidal orbifolds; with the charge cone transcribed correctly, a finite scan contains thirty negative-index charge triples. These numbers concern the full index, whose sign need not agree with a horizon index after hair removal. For tachyon dust we give the characteristic flow, the corrected Hessian sign criterion, and precise hypotheses under which the first focusing time is attained. We also separate the D7 divisor on the F-theory base from its singular pullback to the orientifold cover and give a local weak-coupling family with an I0∗I_0^* divisor. These calculations delimit claims; they do not disprove the homogeneous rolling solution or Sen's positivity argument under its stated assumptions. The accompanying formal certificates check specified finite computations and algebraic identities, rather than the catalogue's physical interpretations. Established results and later corrections are credited to their sources.

Provenance statement

Tools used: Claude Fable 5.1 Medium, Lean 4 (v4.34.1, core only, for the finite certificates; two supplementary files against Mathlib); Python 3; LaTeX (amsart, single column). arXiv identifier: none (not posted on arXiv). Formalization and code: https://github.com/creelie/Paper_11, release v2.0.1, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23670581 (all versions: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23652472). The Lean file has fifty-seven theorems, each depending on no axiom or on propext alone, with no sorry and no native evaluation; the verify workflow runs the Lean and Python checks on every push.

Tools used

Anthropic
Claude FableVersion Fable 5.1 Medium

References

  1. D. Astefanesei, K. Goldstein, R. P. Jena, A. Sen and S. P. Trivedi, Rotating attractors , JHEP 10 (2006) 058, link 10.1088/1126-6708/2006/10/058 , hep-th/0606244 .DOI
  2. P. C. Argyres, A. Kapustin and N. Seiberg, On SS-duality for non-simply-laced gauge groups , JHEP 06 (2006) 043, link 10.1088/1126-6708/2006/06/043 , hep-th/0603048 .DOI
  3. M. F. Atiyah and N. J. Hitchin, The geometry and dynamics of magnetic monopoles , Princeton University Press, Princeton (1988), link 10.1515/9781400859306 .DOI
  4. N. Barnaby, Caustic formation in tachyon effective field theories , JHEP 07 (2004) 025, link 10.1088/1126-6708/2004/07/025 , hep-th/0406120 .DOI
  5. D. Bhattacharjee and U. Bhattacharya, Iterated nerve complexes for kk-fold sensor coverage , Preprints.org (2026), link 10.20944/preprints202606.1351.v2 .DOI
  6. N. Banerjee, S. Banerjee, R. K. Gupta, I. Mandal and A. Sen, Supersymmetry, Localization and Quantum Entropy Function , JHEP 02 (2010) 091, link 10.1007/JHEP02(2010)091 , 0905.2686 .DOI
  7. S. Banerjee, R. K. Gupta, I. Mandal and A. Sen, Logarithmic Corrections to N=4\mathcal N=4 and N=8\mathcal N=8 Black Hole Entropy: A One Loop Test of Quantum Gravity , JHEP 11 (2011) 143, link 10.1007/JHEP11(2011)143 , 1106.0080 .DOI
  8. D. Bhattacharjee, Establishing equivariant class [O][O] for hyperbolic groups , Asian Res. J. Math. 18 (2022), no. 11, 362--369, link 10.9734/arjom/2022/v18i11615 .DOI
  9. D. Bhattacharjee, Non-commutativity over canonical suspension η\eta for genus g≥1g\ge1 in hypercomplex structures for potential ρϕ\rho\phi , Asian Res. J. Math. 18 (2022), no. 11, 332--341, link 10.9734/arjom/2022/v18i11607 .DOI
  10. D. Bhattacharjee, The conjectures of Ashoke Sen: computations, tables and Lean 4 certificate , Zenodo (2026), doi: (https://doi.org/\zenodoCodeID).link
Show all 138 referencesShow fewer references
  1. D. Bhattacharjee, BLLM: Beyond the LLM with Deep Human-Mind-AI , version 3.1.1, Zenodo (2026), link 10.5281/zenodo.23484395 .DOI
  2. N. Banerjee, I. Mandal and A. Sen, Black Hole Hair Removal , JHEP 07 (2009) 091, link 10.1088/1126-6708/2009/07/091 , 0901.0359 .DOI
  3. K. Bringmann and S. Murthy, On the positivity of black hole degeneracies in string theory , Commun.\ Num.\ Theor.\ Phys. 7 (2013) 15, link 10.4310/CNTP.2013.v7.n1.a2 , 1208.3476 .DOI
  4. B. Balthazar, V. A. Rodriguez and X. Yin, ZZ instantons and the non-perturbative dual of c = 1 string theory , JHEP 05 (2023) 048, link 10.1007/JHEP05(2023)048 , 1907.07688 .DOI
  5. N. Berkovits, A. Sen and B. Zwiebach, Tachyon condensation in superstring field theory , Nucl.\ Phys.\ B 587 (2000) 147, link 10.1016/S0550-3213(00)00501-0 , hep-th/0002211 .DOI
  6. A. Chattopadhyaya and J. R. David, Properties of dyons in N=4\mathcal N=4 theories at small charges , JHEP 05 (2019) 005, link 10.1007/JHEP05(2019)005 , 1810.12060 .DOI
  7. A. Chattopadhyaya and J. R. David, Horizon states and the sign of their index in N=4\mathcal N=4 dyons , JHEP 03 (2021) 106, link 10.1007/JHEP03(2021)106 , 2010.08967 .DOI
  8. A. Collinucci, F. Denef and M. Esole, D-brane Deconstructions in IIB Orientifolds , JHEP 02 (2009) 005, link 10.1088/1126-6708/2009/02/005 , 0805.1573 .DOI
  9. G. Lopes Cardoso, B. de Wit, J. Kappeli and T. Mohaupt, Asymptotic degeneracy of dyonic N=4\mathcal N=4 string states and black hole entropy , JHEP 12 (2004) 075, link 10.1088/1126-6708/2004/12/075 , hep-th/0412287 .DOI
  10. A. Clingher, R. Donagi and M. Wijnholt, The Sen Limit , Adv.\ Theor.\ Math.\ Phys. 18 (2014) 613, link 10.4310/ATMP.2014.v18.n3.a2 , 1212.4505 .DOI
  11. A. Chowdhury, R. S. Garavuso, S. Mondal and A. Sen, Do All BPS Black Hole Microstates Carry Zero Angular Momentum? , JHEP 04 (2016) 082, link 10.1007/JHEP04(2016)082 , 1511.06978 .DOI
  12. A. Chowdhury and S. Maji, Counting N=8\mathcal N=8 black holes as algebraic varieties , JHEP 05 (2024) 091, link 10.1007/JHEP05(2024)091 , 2311.04786 .DOI
  13. A. Chowdhury and S. Maji, Pure D-brane black holes: BPS counting and non-BPS vacua , JHEP 08 (2026) 070, link 10.1007/JHEP08(2026)070 , 2601.07927 .DOI
  14. A. Chowdhury, A. Kidambi, S. Murthy, V. Reys and T. Wrase, Dyonic black hole degeneracies in N=4\mathcal N=4 string theory from Dabholkar-Harvey degeneracies , JHEP 10 (2020) 184, link 10.1007/JHEP10(2020)184 , 1912.06562 .DOI
  15. A. Dabholkar, Exact counting of black hole microstates , Phys.\ Rev.\ Lett. 94 (2005) 241301, link 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.241301 , hep-th/0409148 .DOI
  16. A. Dabholkar and D. Gaiotto, Spectrum of CHL dyons from genus-two partition function , JHEP 12 (2007) 087, link 10.1088/1126-6708/2007/12/087 , hep-th/0612011 .DOI
  17. A. Dabholkar and S. Nampuri, Spectrum of dyons and black holes in CHL orbifolds using Borcherds lift , JHEP 11 (2007) 077, link 10.1088/1126-6708/2007/11/077 , hep-th/0603066 .DOI
  18. J. R. David and A. Sen, CHL Dyons and Statistical Entropy Function from D1-D5 System , JHEP 11 (2006) 072, link 10.1088/1126-6708/2006/11/072 , hep-th/0605210 .DOI
  19. A. Dabholkar, F. Denef, G. W. Moore and B. Pioline, Precision counting of small black holes , JHEP 10 (2005) 096, link 10.1088/1126-6708/2005/10/096 , hep-th/0507014 .DOI
  20. F. Denef and G. W. Moore, Split states, entropy enigmas, holes and halos , JHEP 11 (2011) 129, link 10.1007/JHEP11(2011)129 , hep-th/0702146 .DOI
  21. N. Dorey, C. Fraser, T. J. Hollowood and M. A. Kneipp, SS-duality in N=4\mathcal N=4 supersymmetric gauge theories with arbitrary gauge group , Phys.\ Lett.\ B 383 (1996) 422, link 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00773-3 , hep-th/9605069 .DOI
  22. A. Dabholkar, J. Gomes and S. Murthy, Quantum black holes, localization and the topological string , JHEP 06 (2011) 019, link 10.1007/JHEP06(2011)019 , 1012.0265 .DOI
  23. A. Dabholkar, J. Gomes and S. Murthy, Localization & Exact Holography , JHEP 04 (2013) 062, link 10.1007/JHEP04(2013)062 , 1111.1161 .DOI
  24. J. R. David, D. P. Jatkar and A. Sen, Product representation of Dyon partition function in CHL models , JHEP 06 (2006) 064, link 10.1088/1126-6708/2006/06/064 , hep-th/0602254 .DOI
  25. J. R. David, D. P. Jatkar and A. Sen, Dyon spectrum in generic N=4\mathcal N=4 supersymmetric $\ZZ_N$ orbifolds , JHEP 01 (2007) 016, link 10.1088/1126-6708/2007/01/016 , hep-th/0609109 .DOI
  26. A. Dabholkar, S. Murthy and D. Zagier, Quantum black holes, wall crossing, and mock modular forms , preprint, 1208.4074 .
  27. R. Dijkgraaf, E. P. Verlinde and H. L. Verlinde, Counting dyons in N=4\mathcal N=4 string theory , Nucl.\ Phys.\ B 484 (1997) 543, link 10.1016/S0550-3213(96)00640-2 , hep-th/9607026 .DOI
  28. D. Bhattacharjee, Which string vibrations become which generations on the Dwork quintic: code, checks and engine record , version 1.1.0, Zenodo (2026), link 10.5281/zenodo.23484427 .DOI
  29. I. Ellwood and M. Schnabl, Proof of vanishing cohomology at the tachyon vacuum , JHEP 02 (2007) 096, link 10.1088/1126-6708/2007/02/096 , hep-th/0606142 .DOI
  30. T. Erler, Analytic solution for tachyon condensation in Ber\-ko\-vits' open superstring field theory , JHEP 11 (2013) 007, link 10.1007/JHEP11(2013)007 , 1308.4400 .DOI
  31. T. Erler and C. Maccaferri, String Field Theory Solution for Any Open String Background , JHEP 10 (2014) 029, link 10.1007/JHEP10(2014)029 , 1406.3021 .DOI
  32. T. Erler and M. Schnabl, A Simple Analytic Solution for Tachyon Condensation , JHEP 10 (2009) 066, link 10.1088/1126-6708/2009/10/066 , 0906.0979 .DOI
  33. G. N. Felder and L. Kofman, Inhomogeneous fragmentation of the rolling tachyon , Phys.\ Rev.\ D 70 (2004) 046004, link 10.1103/PhysRevD.70.046004 , hep-th/0403073 .DOI
  34. G. N. Felder, L. Kofman and A. Starobinsky, Caustics in ta\-chy\-on matter and other Born--In\-feld scalars , JHEP 09 (2002) 026, link 10.1088/1126-6708/2002/09/026 , hep-th/0208019 .DOI
  35. K. Fritzsch, C. Kottke and M. Singer, Monopoles and the Sen Conjecture , preprint, 1811.00601 .
  36. E. Fuchs and M. Kroyter, On the validity of the solution of string field theory , JHEP 05 (2006) 006, link 10.1088/1126-6708/2006/05/006 , hep-th/0603195 .DOI
  37. J. P. Gauntlett and J. A. Harvey, SS-duality and the spectrum of magnetic monopoles in heterotic string theory , preprint, hep-th/9407111 .
  38. J. P. Gauntlett and D. A. Lowe, Dyons and SS-duality in N=4\mathcal N=4 supersymmetric gauge theory , Nucl.\ Phys.\ B 472 (1996) 194, link 10.1016/0550-3213(96)00218-0 , hep-th/9601085 .DOI
  39. L. Girardello, A. Giveon, M. Porrati and A. Zaffaroni, SS-duality in N=4\mathcal N=4 Yang--Mills theories with general gauge groups , Nucl.\ Phys.\ B 448 (1995) 127, link 10.1016/0550-3213(95)00177-T , hep-th/9502057 .DOI
  40. V. A. Gritsenko and V. V. Nikulin, Siegel automorphic form corrections of some Lorentzian Kac--Moody Lie algebras , Amer.\ J.\ Math.\ 119 (1997) 181, link 10.1353/ajm.1997.0002 .DOI
  41. P. Heidmann and S. Mondal, The full space of BPS multicenter states with pure D-brane charges , JHEP 06 (2019) 011, link 10.1007/JHEP06(2019)011 , 1810.10019 .DOI
  42. T. Hausel, E. Hunsicker and R. Mazzeo, Hodge cohomology of gravitational instantons , Duke Math.\ J. 122 (2004) 485, link 10.1215/S0012-7094-04-12233-X , math/0207169 .DOI
  43. N. Hitchin, L2L^2 cohomology of hyperKahler quotients , Commun.\ Math.\ Phys. 211 (2000) 153, link 10.1007/s002200050806 , math/9909002 .DOI
  44. L. V. Iliesiu, S. Murthy and G. J. Turiaci, Black hole microstate counting from the gravitational path integral , JHEP 08 (2025) 152, link 10.1007/JHEP08(2025)152 , 2209.13602 .DOI
  45. L. V. Iliesiu, S. Murthy and G. J. Turiaci, Revisiting the logarithmic corrections to the black hole entropy , JHEP 07 (2025) 058, link 10.1007/JHEP07(2025)058 , 2209.13608 .DOI
  46. D. P. Jatkar and A. Sen, Dyon spectrum in CHL models , JHEP 04 (2006) 018, link 10.1088/1126-6708/2006/04/018 , hep-th/0510147 .DOI
  47. A. Kapustin and E. Witten, Electric-Magnetic Duality And The Geometric Langlands Program , Commun.\ Num.\ Theor.\ Phys. 1 (2007) 1, link 10.4310/CNTP.2007.v1.n1.a1 , hep-th/0604151 .DOI
  48. D. Karan, B. Khatun, B. Sahoo and A. Sen, All order classical electromagnetic soft theorems , JHEP 11 (2025) 025, link 10.1007/JHEP11(2025)025 , 2501.07328 .DOI
  49. C. Keeler, F. Larsen and P. Lisbao, Logarithmic Corrections to N≥2N\ge 2 Black Hole Entropy , Phys.\ Rev.\ D 90 (2014) 043011, link 10.1103/PhysRevD.90.043011 , 1404.1379 .DOI
  50. C. Kottke and F. Rochon, L2L^2-Cohomology of quasi-fibered boundary metrics , Invent.\ Math. 236 (2024) 1083, link 10.1007/s00222-024-01253-5 , 2103.16655 .DOI
  51. H. Krishna and B. Sahoo, Universality of loop corrected soft theorems in 4d , JHEP 11 (2023) 233, link 10.1007/JHEP11(2023)233 , 2308.16807 .DOI
  52. M. Kontsevich and Y. Soibelman, Stability structures, motivic Donaldson-Thomas invariants and cluster transformations , preprint, 0811.2435 .
  53. M. Kudrna and M. Schnabl, Universal Solutions in Open String Field Theory , preprint, 1812.03221 .
  54. A. Laddha and A. Sen, Classical proof of the classical soft graviton theorem in D>4D>4 , Phys.\ Rev.\ D 101 (2020) 084011, link 10.1103/PhysRevD.101.084011 , 1906.08288 .DOI
  55. K.-M. Lee, E. J. Weinberg and P. Yi, Electromagnetic duality and SU(3)SU(3) monopoles , Phys.\ Lett.\ B 376 (1996) 97, link 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00286-9 , hep-th/9601097 .DOI
  56. N. D. Lambert, H. Liu and J. M. Maldacena, Closed strings from decaying D-branes , JHEP 03 (2007) 014, link 10.1088/1126-6708/2007/03/014 , hep-th/0303139 .DOI
  57. Y. Matsuo and K. Okuyama, BPS condition of string junction from M theory , Phys.\ Lett.\ B 426 (1998) 294, link 10.1016/S0370-2693(98)00288-3 , hep-th/9712070 .DOI
  58. C. Montonen and D. Olive, Magnetic monopoles as gauge particles? , Phys.\ Lett.\ B 72 (1977) 117, link 10.1016/0370-2693(77)90076-4 .DOI
  59. D. R. Morrison and W. Taylor, Classifying bases for 6D F-theory models , Cent.\ Eur.\ J.\ Phys. 10 (2012) 1072, link 10.2478/s11534-012-0065-4 , 1201.1943 .DOI
  60. D. R. Morrison and W. Taylor, Non-Higgsable clusters for 4D F-theory models , JHEP 05 (2015) 080, link 10.1007/JHEP05(2015)080 , 1412.6112 .DOI
  61. S. Murthy and V. Reys, Single-centered black hole microstate degeneracies from instantons in supergravity , JHEP 04 (2016) 052, link 10.1007/JHEP04(2016)052 , 1512.01553 .DOI
  62. Y. Okawa, Comments on Schnabl's analytic solution for ta\-chy\-on con\-den\-sa\-tion in Witten's open string field theory , JHEP 04 (2006) 055, link 10.1088/1126-6708/2006/04/055 , hep-th/0603159 .DOI
  63. H. Osborn, Topological charges for N=4N=4 supersymmetric gauge theories and monopoles of spin 1 , Phys.\ Lett.\ B 83 (1979) 321, link 10.1016/0370-2693(79)91118-3 .DOI
  64. R. Pius and A. Sen, Cutkosky rules for superstring field theory , JHEP 10 (2016) 024, link 10.1007/JHEP10(2016)024 ; erratum JHEP 09 (2018) 122, link 10.1007/JHEP09(2018)122 , 1604.01783 .DOI
  65. M. Porrati, On the existence of states saturating the Bogomolny bound in N=4\mathcal N=4 supersymmetry , Phys.\ Lett.\ B 377 (1996) 67, link 10.1016/0370-2693(96)00346-2 , hep-th/9505187 .DOI
  66. S.-J. Rey and J.-T. Yee, BPS dynamics of triple (p,q)(p,q) string junction , Nucl.\ Phys.\ B 526 (1998) 229, link 10.1016/S0550-3213(98)00401-5 , hep-th/9711202 .DOI
  67. M. Rosselló, The Immortal Dyon Index Is Positive , preprint, 2403.19630 .
  68. L. Rastelli, A. Sen and B. Zwiebach, String field theory around the tachyon vacuum , Adv.\ Theor.\ Math.\ Phys. 5 (2002) 353, link 10.4310/ATMP.2001.v5.n2.a5 , hep-th/0012251 .DOI
  69. L. Rastelli, A. Sen and B. Zwiebach, Vacuum string field theory , preprint, hep-th/0106010 .
  70. B. Sahoo and A. Sen, Classical and Quantum Results on Logarithmic Terms in the Soft Theorem in Four Dimensions , JHEP 02 (2019) 086, link 10.1007/JHEP02(2019)086 , 1808.03288 .DOI
  71. M. Schnabl, Analytic solution for tachyon condensation in open string field theory , Adv.\ Theor.\ Math.\ Phys. 10 (2006) 433, link 10.4310/ATMP.2006.v10.n4.a1 , hep-th/0511286 .DOI
  72. J. H. Schwarz and A. Sen, Duality symmetries of 4-D heterotic strings , Phys.\ Lett.\ B 312 (1993) 105, link 10.1016/0370-2693(93)90495-4 , hep-th/9305185 .DOI
  73. J. H. Schwarz and A. Sen, Duality symmetric actions , Nucl.\ Phys.\ B 411 (1994) 35, link 10.1016/0550-3213(94)90053-1 , hep-th/9304154 .DOI
  74. G. Segal and A. Selby, The cohomology of the space of magnetic monopoles , Commun.\ Math.\ Phys.\ 177 (1996) 775, link 10.1007/BF02099547 .DOI
  75. N. Seiberg, Why is the matrix model correct? , Phys.\ Rev.\ Lett. 79 (1997) 3577, link 10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.3577 , hep-th/9710009 .DOI
  76. A. Sen, Field theory of tachyon matter , Mod.\ Phys.\ Lett.\ A 17 (2002) 1797, link 10.1142/S0217732302008071 , hep-th/0204143 .DOI
  77. A. Sen, Tachyon matter , JHEP 07 (2002) 065, link 10.1088/1126-6708/2002/07/065 , hep-th/0203265 .DOI
  78. A. Sen, Rolling tachyon , JHEP 04 (2002) 048, link 10.1088/1126-6708/2002/04/048 , hep-th/0203211 .DOI
  79. A. Sen, Dirac--Born--Infeld action on the tachyon kink and vortex , Phys.\ Rev.\ D 68 (2003) 066008, link 10.1103/PhysRevD.68.066008 , hep-th/0303057 .DOI
  80. A. Sen, Open--closed duality at tree level , Phys.\ Rev.\ Lett. 91 (2003) 181601, link 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.181601 , hep-th/0306137 .DOI
  81. A. Sen, Tachyon dynamics in open string theory , Int.\ J.\ Mod.\ Phys.\ A 20 (2005) 5513, link 10.1142/S0217751X0502519X , hep-th/0410103 .DOI
  82. A. Sen, How does a fundamental string stretch its horizon? , JHEP 05 (2005) 059, link 10.1088/1126-6708/2005/05/059 , hep-th/0411255 .DOI
  83. A. Sen, Black hole entropy function and the attractor mechanism in higher derivative gravity , JHEP 09 (2005) 038, link 10.1088/1126-6708/2005/09/038 , hep-th/0506177 .DOI
  84. A. Sen, Stretching the horizon of a higher dimensional small black hole , JHEP 07 (2005) 073, link 10.1088/1126-6708/2005/07/073 , hep-th/0505122 .DOI
  85. A. Sen, Three String Junction and N=4\mathcal N=4 Dyon Spectrum , JHEP 12 (2007) 019, link 10.1088/1126-6708/2007/12/019 , 0708.3715 .DOI
  86. A. Sen, Two centered black holes and N=4\mathcal N=4 dyon spectrum , JHEP 09 (2007) 045, link 10.1088/1126-6708/2007/09/045 , 0705.3874 .DOI
  87. A. Sen, Walls of Marginal Stability and Dyon Spectrum in N=4\mathcal N=4 Supersymmetric String Theories , JHEP 05 (2007) 039, link 10.1088/1126-6708/2007/05/039 , hep-th/0702141 .DOI
  88. A. Sen, Quantum Entropy Function from AdS2/CFT1AdS_2/CFT_1 Correspondence , Int.\ J.\ Mod.\ Phys.\ A 24 (2009) 4225, link 10.1142/S0217751X09045893 , 0809.3304 .DOI
  89. A. Sen, Negative discriminant states in N=4\mathcal N=4 supersymmetric string theories , JHEP 10 (2011) 073, link 10.1007/JHEP10(2011)073 , 1104.1498 .DOI
  90. A. Sen, How Do Black Holes Predict the Sign of the Fourier Coefficients of Siegel Modular Forms? , Gen.\ Rel.\ Grav. 43 (2011) 2171, link 10.1007/s10714-011-1175-9 , 1008.4209 .DOI
  91. A. Sen, Logarithmic Corrections to N=2\mathcal N=2 Black Hole Entropy: An Infrared Window into the Microstates , Gen.\ Rel.\ Grav. 44 (2012) 1207, link 10.1007/s10714-012-1336-5 , 1108.3842 .DOI
  92. A. Sen, Logarithmic Corrections to Rotating Extremal Black Hole Entropy in Four and Five Dimensions , Gen.\ Rel.\ Grav. 44 (2012) 1947, link 10.1007/s10714-012-1373-0 , 1109.3706 .DOI
  93. A. Sen, Logarithmic Corrections to Schwarzschild and Other Non-extremal Black Hole Entropy in Different Dimensions , JHEP 04 (2013) 156, link 10.1007/JHEP04(2013)156 , 1205.0971 .DOI
  94. A. Sen, Off-shell Amplitudes in Superstring Theory , Fortsch.\ Phys. 63 (2015) 149, link 10.1002/prop.201500002 , 1408.0571 .DOI
  95. A. Sen, Gauge Invariant 1PI Effective Superstring Field Theory: Inclusion of the Ramond Sector , JHEP 08 (2015) 025, link 10.1007/JHEP08(2015)025 , 1501.00988 .DOI
  96. A. Sen, BV Master Action for Heterotic and Type II String Field Theories , JHEP 02 (2016) 087, link 10.1007/JHEP02(2016)087 , 1508.05387 .DOI
  97. A. Sen, Unitarity of Superstring Field Theory , JHEP 12 (2016) 115, link 10.1007/JHEP12(2016)115 , 1607.08244 .DOI
  98. A. Sen, Subleading Soft Graviton Theorem for Loop Amplitudes , JHEP 11 (2017) 123, link 10.1007/JHEP11(2017)123 , 1703.00024 .DOI
  99. A. Sen, Fixing an Ambiguity in Two Dimensional String Theory Using String Field Theory , JHEP 03 (2020) 005, link 10.1007/JHEP03(2020)005 , 1908.02782 .DOI
  100. A. Sen, D-instantons, string field theory and two dimensional string theory , JHEP 11 (2021) 061, link 10.1007/JHEP11(2021)061 , 2012.11624 .DOI
  101. A. Sen, Normalization of type IIB D-instanton amplitudes , JHEP 12 (2021) 146, link 10.1007/JHEP12(2021)146 , 2104.11109 .DOI
  102. A. Sen, Normalization of D-instanton amplitudes , JHEP 11 (2021) 077, link 10.1007/JHEP11(2021)077 , 2101.08566 .DOI
  103. A. Sen, Revisiting localization for BPS black hole entropy , JHEP 08 (2026) 174, link 10.1007/JHEP08(2026)174 , 2302.13490 .DOI
  104. A. Sen, Rotating charged black hole solution in heterotic string theory , Phys.\ Rev.\ Lett. 69 (1992) 1006, link 10.1103/PhysRevLett.69.1006 , hep-th/9204046 .DOI
  105. A. Sen, Strong--weak coupling duality in four-dimensional string theory , Int.\ J.\ Mod.\ Phys.\ A 9 (1994) 3707, link 10.1142/S0217751X94001497 , hep-th/9402002 .DOI
  106. A. Sen, Dyon--monopole bound states, self-dual harmonic forms on the multi-monopole moduli space, and $SL(2,\ZZ)$ invariance in string theory , Phys.\ Lett.\ B 329 (1994) 217, link 10.1016/0370-2693(94)90763-3 , hep-th/9402032 .DOI
  107. A. Sen, F theory and orientifolds , Nucl.\ Phys.\ B 475 (1996) 562, link 10.1016/0550-3213(96)00347-1 , hep-th/9605150 .DOI
  108. A. Sen, Orientifold limit of F theory vacua , Phys.\ Rev.\ D 55 (1997) R7345, link 10.1103/PhysRevD.55.R7345 , hep-th/9702165 .DOI
  109. A. Sen, Tachyon condensation on the brane anti-brane system , JHEP 08 (1998) 012, link 10.1088/1126-6708/1998/08/012 , hep-th/9805170 .DOI
  110. A. Sen, D0-branes on TnT^n and matrix theory , Adv.\ Theor.\ Math.\ Phys. 2 (1998) 51, link 10.4310/ATMP.1998.v2.n1.a2 , hep-th/9709220 .DOI
  111. A. Sen, String network , JHEP 03 (1998) 005, link 10.1088/1126-6708/1998/03/005 , hep-th/9711130 .DOI
  112. A. Sen, SO(32) spinors of type I and other solitons on brane--anti-brane pair , JHEP 09 (1998) 023, link 10.1088/1126-6708/1998/09/023 , hep-th/9808141 .DOI
  113. A. Sen, Descent relations among bosonic D-branes , Int.\ J.\ Mod.\ Phys.\ A 14 (1999) 4061, link 10.1142/S0217751X99001901 , hep-th/9902105 .DOI
  114. A. Sen, Non-BPS states and branes in string theory , preprint, hep-th/9904207 .
  115. A. Sen, Universality of the tachyon potential , JHEP 12 (1999) 027, link 10.1088/1126-6708/1999/12/027 , hep-th/9911116 .DOI
  116. A. Sen and B. Zwiebach, String field theory: a review , preprint, 2405.19421 .
  117. A. Sen and B. Zwiebach, Quantum background independence of closed string field theory , Nucl.\ Phys.\ B 423 (1994) 580, link 10.1016/0550-3213(94)90145-7 , hep-th/9311009 .DOI
  118. C. Vafa and E. Witten, A Strong coupling test of SS-duality , Nucl.\ Phys.\ B 431 (1994) 3, link 10.1016/0550-3213(94)90097-3 , hep-th/9408074 .DOI
  119. E. Witten, D-branes and K-theory , JHEP 12 (1998) 019, link 10.1088/1126-6708/1998/12/019 , hep-th/9810188 .DOI
  120. D. Bhattacharjee and U. Bhattacharya, Lattice Yang--Mills theory: spacing-uniform obstructions, the mass gap up to the Dobrushin ceiling and in a forest gauge, and Lean certificate , version 3.3.1, Zenodo (2026), link 10.5281/zenodo.23490028 .DOI
  121. J. Halverson, C. Long and B. Sung, On the scarcity of weak coupling in the string landscape , JHEP 02 (2018) 113, link 10.1007/JHEP02(2018)113 , 1710.09374 .DOI
  122. D. Karan, B. Khatun, R. Mahajan, B. Sahoo and A. Sen, All-Orders Classical Soft Graviton Theorems in the Newtonian Limit and Beyond , preprint (2026), 2610.07134 .
  123. A. Sen, Extended Supergravity Needs String Scale Cut-off , preprint (2026), 2606.17149 .
  124. S. Weinberg, Infrared photons and gravitons , Phys. Rev. 140 (1965) B516, link 10.1103/PhysRev.140.B516 .DOI
  125. K. Prabhu, G. Satishchandran and R. M. Wald, Infrared finite scattering theory in quantum field theory and quantum gravity , Phys. Rev. D 106 (2022) 066005, link 10.1103/PhysRevD.106.066005 , 2203.14334 .DOI
  126. K. Prabhu and G. Satishchandran, Infrared finite scattering theory: Amplitudes and soft theorems , preprint (2024), 2402.18637 .
  127. A. Sen, Soft Theorems in Superstring Theory , JHEP 06 (2017) 113, link 10.1007/JHEP06(2017)113 , 1702.03934 .DOI
  128. R. Akhoury, R. Saotome and G. Sterman, Collinear and Soft Divergences in Perturbative Quantum Gravity , Phys. Rev. D 84 (2011) 104040, link 10.1103/PhysRevD.84.104040 , 1109.0270 .DOI

Version history

  1. v1Submitted by Deep BhattacharjeeInitial depositCurrentOct 26, 2026