% % % % % % % \section{Small Bases and Coverage by Dimension}\label{sec:frames} The constructions of Sections~\ref{sec:residue}--\ref{sec:antipode} need room in the base. A residue sequence needs a check vector with $\ljit(\Lambda_v)>0$, which exists only for $p>2^s$ (Corollary~\ref{cor:residueQU}); the staggered residue sequence has a positive bound only for $p>2^s$ (Corollary~\ref{cor:dyadic}); the block-periodic sequences start at $p=3$, $5$, $7$, $19$ for $s=2,3,4,5$ (Theorem~\ref{thm:block}); window constructions need several residues per window. In the bases $2$, $3$ and $4$ none of them gives anything at every full level: base $2$ is too small for all of them, and in base $3$ the brick-wall bound $(p-3)/(2p)$ is $0$. This section takes a different route for the smallest bases. Instead of choosing responses, it chooses frames and multipliers for which the map $l\mapsto D_i(l)$ is computed by a small finite automaton reading the base-$q$ digits of $l$. The set of all responses is then finite and known exactly, and the digit relaxation at every level is one finite minimum. This gives closed forms in base~$2$ in dimension two (Theorem~\ref{thm:B2}, which answers a question of Dick, Goda and Suzuki), base~$3$ in dimensions two and three, and base~$4$ in dimensions three and four. The price is that nothing is chosen digit by digit, and the constants fall quickly with the dimension. Section~\ref{sec:primepower} reads the staggered residue sequence over prime-power fields, and Section~\ref{sec:coverage} collects, dimension by dimension, which bases are covered and for which level family. \subsection{Lacunary Roots and Exact Response Sets}\label{sec:automata} The responses are coefficients of power series built from the local roots (Proposition~\ref{prop:law}), so their structure is that of the roots (Figure~\ref{fig:automaton}(a)). In the Faure frame of an odd base the root $1+u$, $u+u^2=x$, has the signed Catalan numbers as coefficients, with no visible pattern. In characteristic two the same equation $u^2+u=x$ is solved by the lacunary series $u=\sum_kx^{2^k}$, whose coefficients can be read off the binary digits of the exponent. Every algebraic power series over $\F_q$ is $q$-automatic by Christol's theorem \cite{Chr79,CKMR80}, so automata exist for every algebraic scramble; what a usable bound needs is that they are explicit and small. We use two families of frames whose roots are lacunary. In both, the places form one orbit of a group of affine maps $z\mapsto\alpha z+\beta$ that fix $w$ and $\infty$, so every place looks like every other. \emph{Artin--Schreier frames.} Let $H\subseteq\F_q$ be an additive subgroup with $|H|=s$ and let the places be the elements of~$H$. Then $w=\wp_H(z)=\prod_{h\in H}(z-h)=\sum_i\wp_{H,i}\,z^{p^i}$ is an additive polynomial, with $\wp_{H,0}\ne0$, and the translations by $H$ fix it. For $H=\F_p$ these are the places $0,\dots,p-1$ of the Faure sequence in dimension $s=p$. \emph{Kummer frames.} Let $s=q-1$ and let the places be the unit group, $a_c=\zeta^c$ for a generator $\zeta$ of $\F_q^*$, with $w=z^{q-1}-1$; the multiplications by $\zeta$ fix it. For $q=3$ the places are $\pm1$, and $y=2z-1$ carries the Faure places $\{0,1\}$ onto these ($y^2-1=4(z^2-z)$ in $\F_3$). \begin{lemma}[Lacunary roots]\label{lem:frames} Let $q$ be a power of the prime $p$. \begin{enumerate} \item[(a)] In the Artin--Schreier frame of $H$ the local roots are $z_c=a_c+U$, where $U\in x\F_q[[x]]$ is the solution of $\wp_H(U)=x$. It is supported on the powers of $p$ and satisfies $U(x)=U(x^q)-\wp^\flat_H(x)$, where $\wp^\flat_H$ is the additive polynomial with $\wp^\flat_H(\wp_H(z))=z^q-z$. For $H=\F_q$, $U=-\sum_{k\ge0}x^{q^k}$. \item[(b)] In the Kummer frame the local roots are $z_c=a_c\tau$, where $\tau^{q-1}=1+x$, $\tau(0)=1$, and \[ \tau^{-1}=\prod_{i\ge0}\bigl(1+x^{q^i}\bigr),\qquad \tau^{-1}(x)=(1+x)\,\tau^{-1}(x^q); \] $\coef{n}\tau^{-1}=1$ if every base-$q$ digit of $n$ is $0$ or $1$, and $0$ otherwise. \end{enumerate} In both cases the root has degree $s$ over $\F_q(x)$. \end{lemma} \begin{proof} (a) $\wp_H(a_c+U)=\wp_H(U)=x$, so $a_c+U$ is the local root at $a_c$. The recursion $U=\wp_{H,0}^{-1}\bigl(x-\sum_{i\ge1}\wp_{H,i}U^{p^i}\bigr)$ preserves support in the powers of $p$. Since $\wp^\flat_H\circ\wp_H$ is monic of degree $q$ and vanishes on $\F_q$, it is $z^q-z$; hence $U^q-U=\wp^\flat_H(x)$, and $U^q=U(x^q)$. (b) $T=\prod_i(1+x^{q^i})$ satisfies $T(x)^q=T(x^q)=T(x)/(1+x)$, so $\tau=T^{-1}$ solves $\tau^{q-1}=1+x$, and $(a_c\tau)^{q-1}=\tau^{q-1}$. Expanding the product, $x^n$ occurs once for each way of writing $n$ as a sum of distinct powers of $q$. The degree: $\wp_H(Z)-x$ is linear in $x$, and $Z^{q-1}-(1+x)$ is Eisenstein at $1+x$. \end{proof} Both relations are \emph{Mahler equations}: the root at $x$ is an affine function of the root at $x^q$, additive for translations and multiplicative for rotations. We take $\theta=1$ and multipliers that are rational functions of the root, $g_c\in\F_q(x)(U)$ resp.\ $\F_q(x)(\tau)$. A scramble of these frames is \emph{symmetric} if all coordinates use the same multiplier $g_c=g$; then $V(z)\mapsto V(z+h)$ (resp.\ $V(\zeta z)$) permutes the coordinates of every point and preserves every prefix. To read a coefficient digit by digit we use the \emph{Cartier operators} $\mathcal C_r\bigl(\sum_nc_nx^n\bigr)=\sum_nc_{qn+r}x^n$, $0\le ri}\hat G=\frac{x^{-i}\bigl(I-\FM_{\le i}G\bigr)}{1-x},\qquad \FM_{\le i}=\textstyle\sum_{a\le i}\FM_ax^a . \] \begin{proposition}[Exact response sets]\label{prop:automaton} Let a self-similar scramble have a frame matrix $\FM(x)$ with entries in $\F_q(x)(\vartheta)$, where $\vartheta\in\F_q[[x]]$ has degree $s'$ over $\F_q(x)$ and $\vartheta(x)=A(x)\,\vartheta(x^q)+B(x)$ with $A,B\in\F_q[x]$. Fix $j\ge1$ and let $\vec{\mathcal H}$ be the vector of the series $\mathcal H_i$ and $x\mathcal H_i$, $i0.366$ of a cell apart vertically. Likewise every step of coordinate~$1$ flips the leading horizontal digit ($X_{0\leftarrow1}^{(l)}=1$). This is the brick wall of Example~\ref{ex:brickwall} in XOR form: where the own mask could close the gap, the cross mask forces a stagger of about half a cell. The true separation is somewhat larger: $\sep{P_m}=0.3968$ for every even $m$ from $12$ to $26$, against $0.0442$ for the Sobol' sequence at $m=12$ and $0.0007$ at $m=24$ (exact). The generator data, as a drop-in table of $32$-bit direction numbers with a reference implementation, are in the archive (Appendix~\ref{app:archive}). \begin{remark}[Base 3]\label{rem:B3} In base three the Faure frame is the Kummer frame $\{\pm1\}$, with the lacunary root $\tau=\sqrt{1+x}$ of Lemma~\ref{lem:frames}(b), and Proposition~\ref{prop:automaton} handles it as well. Take the roots $z_0=\tau-1$, $z_1=2-\tau$ of $z^2-z=x$, $\theta=1$ and the multipliers $g_0=-(1+x)(1-x+\tau)/(1-x)$, $g_1=-(1+\tau)/\tau$. This self-similar scramble $(L_0\Pas_0,L_1\Pas_1)$ of the Faure sequence in base $3$ is a $(0,2)$-sequence (Lemma~\ref{lem:t0}), and Proposition~\ref{prop:automaton} with $\vartheta=\tau^{-1}$, $A=1+x$, $B=0$, $j=6$ (a search of $190$ states) gives exactly $84$ response tuples; Lemma~\ref{lem:cert} over all steps and pairs of tuples gives $\LB_6=0.266926$, attained at an antidiagonal step (computer-assisted). With $\sep{P_2}=0.5828$ this gives $\sep{P_{2K}}\ge0.2669$ for every $K\ge1$: base three in dimension two at every full level, where Theorem~\ref{thm:block}(a) gives $\sep{P_{4K}}\ge1/3$ on the sparser level family $4\N$. The unscrambled Faure sequence in base~$3$ is not quasi-uniform \cite{GHS26} (Corollary~\ref{cor:faure}); its separation falls to $0.016$ at $m=9$, while that of this scramble stays at $0.298$ or more for even $m\le14$ (exact). \end{remark} \begin{corollary}[Every prime base, dimension two]\label{cor:allprimes} For every prime $p$ there is an explicit closed-form scramble $(L_0\Pas_0,L_1\Pas_1)$ of the Faure sequence in base $p$ that is a quasi-uniform $(0,2)$-sequence with a bound at every full level: Theorem~\ref{thm:B2} for $p=2$, Remark~\ref{rem:B3} for $p=3$ and the brick wall (Theorem~\ref{thm:WF}) for $p\ge5$, with $\sep{P_{2K}}\ge0.3678$, $0.2669$ and $(p-3)/(2p)$, respectively, for every $K$. \end{corollary} For large primes the hexagonal brick wall improves the constant at every full level to $1-17/p$ (Corollary~\ref{cor:HB17}, $p>3677$), and for every prime $p\ge3$ the block-periodic residue sequence reaches $1-2/p$ at every level $m\in4\N$ (Theorem~\ref{thm:block}(a)). \subsection{Dimensions Three and Four, Small Bases}\label{sec:smallthree} The same method works with symmetric scrambles of the Artin--Schreier frames $H=\F_3$ and $H=\F_4$ and of the Kummer frame $\F_4^*$. In each case the multiplier is a short rational function of the root, found by an exhaustive screen over small families of such functions; the proofs are identical, and their finite parts are collected in Table~\ref{tab:frames}. \begin{theorem}[Base 3, dimension 3]\label{thm:S3} Let $U=-\sum_{k\ge0}x^{3^k}\in\F_3[[x]]$, so that $U^3-U=x$, and $g=(1+x-U)/(1-x)$. The digital sequence over $\F_3$ with the digits $y_{c,n}(V)=\coef{n}\,g(x)\,V\bigl(c+U(x)\bigr)$, $c\in\F_3$, is a scramble of the Faure sequence $(\Pas_0,\Pas_1,\Pas_2)$ in base~$3$ and a $(0,3)$-sequence, and $\sep{P_{3K}}\ge0.05598$ for every $K\ge1$. Consequently $\delta(P_{[N]})\ge0.0186\,N^{-1/3}$ for all $N\ge2$ and $h/\delta<93$. \end{theorem} \begin{theorem}[Base 4, dimension 3]\label{thm:K4} Let $\F_4=\{0,1,\omega,\omega^2\}$, let $\tau^{-1}=\prod_{i\ge0}(1+x^{4^i})\in\F_4[[x]]$, so that $\tau^3=1+x$, and \[ g=\frac{\omega^2(\tau+\omega)}{\tau+\omega^2}=1+x+\omega x^2+\omega^2x^3+\omega^2x^5+\cdots. \] The digital sequence over $\F_4$ with the digits $y_{c,n}(V)=\coef{n}\,g(x)\,V(\omega^c\tau(x))$, $c=0,1,2$, is a $(0,3)$-sequence in base~$4$, and $\sep{P_{3K}}\ge0.11293$ for every $K\ge1$. Consequently $\delta(P_{[N]})\ge0.0282\,N^{-1/3}$ for all $N\ge2$ and $h/\delta<61.4$. With the binary code of $\F_4$ it is a binary digital sequence, generated by XOR like the Sobol' sequence. \end{theorem} \begin{theorem}[Base 4, dimension 4]\label{thm:S4} Let $U=\sum_{k\ge0}x^{4^k}\in\F_4[[x]]$, so that $U^4+U=x$, and $g=1+\omega U+U^2$. The digital sequence over $\F_4$ with the digits $y_{c,n}(V)=\coef{n}\,g(x)\,V(c+U(x))$, $c\in\F_4$, is a $(0,4)$-sequence in base~$4$ and a binary digital sequence, and $\sep{P_{4K}}\ge0.03013$ for every $K\ge1$. Consequently $\delta(P_{[N]})\ge0.0075\,N^{-1/4}$ for all $N\ge2$ and $h/\delta<266$. \end{theorem} \begin{proof}[Proof of Theorems~\ref{thm:S3}, \ref{thm:K4} and~\ref{thm:S4}] By Lemma~\ref{lem:frames} the frames are the Artin--Schreier frames $H=\F_3$ ($w=z^3-z$) and $H=\F_4$ ($w=z^4+z$) with roots $c+U$, and the Kummer frame $\F_4^*$ ($w=z^3-1$) with roots $\omega^c\tau$; the multiplier is the same rational function of the root in every coordinate. (For Theorem~\ref{thm:K4}, coordinate $c$ reads $V(z)\,\omega^2(z-a_{c+1})/(z-a_{c+2})$ at $a_c=\omega^c$, indices modulo $3$: the multiplier has its zero and its pole at the two other places.) So $t=0$ by Lemma~\ref{lem:t0}, and Proposition~\ref{prop:automaton} gives the exact response sets of Table~\ref{tab:frames}, with the carry correction (\ref{eq:carrychange}) for $q=4$. Lemma~\ref{lem:cert} over all steps and all combinations of response columns gives the values $\LB_j$ of the table (computer-assisted). For $q=4$ this covers every $K\ge1$; for $q=3$ it covers $K\ge2$, and $\sep{P_3}=0.4887$. Lemma~\ref{lem:prefix} gives the rest. With $\F_4=\F_2\oplus\F_2\omega$, multiplication by an element of $\F_4$ is an $\F_2$-linear $2\times2$ block and addition is XOR of the codes, which gives the binary form. \end{proof} \begin{table}[t] \centering \small \caption{The finite parts of the small-base theorems: depth $j$, number of distinct responses (per moving coordinate; in brackets the change columns after the $\F_4$ carry correction), bound $\LB_j$ for every level, the step attaining it (up to the symmetry of the frame), and the exact separation at the largest level we computed. All entries are exact computations; the responses are exact sets by Proposition~\ref{prop:automaton} (Lemma~\ref{lem:octave} for base~$2$). Level family: all full levels, $\Lev=s\N$.} \label{tab:frames} \begin{tabular}{@{}lllclll@{}} \toprule result & base, $s$ & frame & $j$ & responses & $\LB_j$ & minimising step; exact $\sep{P_m}$\\ \midrule \ref{thm:B2} & $2$, $2$ & Faure ($H=\F_2$) & $12$ & $35$ tuples & $0.367804$ & $(1,0)$, $l=1$; $0.3968$ ($m\le26$)\\ \ref{rem:B3} & $3$, $2$ & Faure ($\F_3^*$) & $6$ & $84$ tuples & $0.266926$ & antidiagonal; $0.298$ ($m=14$)\\ \ref{thm:S3} & $3$, $3$ & $H=\F_3$ & $8$ & $85$ & $0.055983$ & $(1,-1,-1)$; $0.129$ ($m=15$)\\ \ref{thm:K4} & $4$, $3$ & $\F_4^*$ & $8$ & $32$ ($67$) & $0.112930$ & $(0,1,1)$; $0.168$ ($m=12$)\\ \ref{thm:S4} & $4$, $4$ & $H=\F_4$ & $5$ & $64$ ($120$) & $0.030131$ & all four move; $0.101$ ($m=12$)\\ \bottomrule \end{tabular} \end{table} Dick, Goda and Suzuki prove that the Faure sequence in base~$3$ is not quasi-uniform \cite{DGS2}, and Goda, Hofer and Suzuki extend this to scrambles $(\Pas_0,L_1\Pas_1,L_2\Pas_2)$ that leave the first coordinate unscrambled, and likewise in every prime base $p$ in dimension $p$ \cite[Rem.~3]{GHS26} (Corollary~\ref{cor:unscrambled} contains both). Theorem~\ref{thm:S3} scrambles all three coordinates ($g$ is not constant), so it is outside the scope of these results and consistent with them. The certified bounds in dimensions three and four are far below the exact separations of Table~\ref{tab:frames} because the binding steps involve long carries that the computable prefixes do not contain; explicit close pairs of points bracket the true infimum closely (Appendix~\ref{app:sharp}, which also explains why these bases work, Remark~\ref{rem:height}). \emph{Base seven.} At $p=7$ in dimension three the residue sequences give nothing ($7<2^3$), and the block-periodic residue sequence covers only the levels $m\in9\N$ (Theorem~\ref{thm:block}(b), $1-2/7$). Every full level is covered by a bound of a different kind, in which the admissible own response depends on the current cross responses of its column; it is given in Appendix~\ref{app:p7} (Theorem~\ref{thm:p7}: $\sep{P_{3K}}\ge1/7$ for every $K$, computer-assisted). \subsection{Prime-Power Bases}\label{sec:primepower} Apart from $q=4$, the constructions above live over prime fields. The staggered residue sequence does not need this: its two lemmas use only the residue theorem, which holds over every field. What changes over $\F_q$, $q=p^r$ with $r\ge2$, is the carry. Adding $1$ to the integer cell index changes the finest digit by an element $\Delta(y)$ that depends on the digit (Remark~\ref{rem:F4carry}), not by the constant~$1$, so the rank-1 rule of the staggered coordinate is read with several possible increments. The resulting bound is a small finite minimum, and it depends on how the digits of $\F_q$ are encoded as integers. Write $\F_q=\F_p[x]/(f)$ for a monic irreducible $f$ of degree $r$, and encode $\sum_{i2^s$, with $\Lev=s\N$ and, by a second sequence, with $\Lev=s\N-1$; both are closed forms with written proofs. \end{enumerate} \end{theorem} \begin{proof} Each case is a cited result; Table~\ref{tab:coverage} lists the construction, the bound and the kind of proof for each. (f) Corollary~\ref{cor:dyadic} (staggered residue sequence, $\Lev=s\N$) and Corollary~\ref{cor:korobov} with Corollary~\ref{cor:residueQU} (residue sequence, $\Lev=s\N-1$), both for every prime $p>2^s$. (a) $p=2$: Theorem~\ref{thm:B2}; $p=3$: Remark~\ref{rem:B3} (computer-assisted), and Theorem~\ref{thm:block}(a) with $\Lev=4\N$ (proof); $p\ge5$: Theorem~\ref{thm:WF}. The prime powers: Proposition~\ref{prop:primepower}. (b) $q=3$: Theorem~\ref{thm:S3}; $q=4$: Theorem~\ref{thm:K4}; $q=7$: Theorem~\ref{thm:p7}; $p\ge11$: case (f), since $11>2^3$. $\Lev=9\N$: Theorem~\ref{thm:block}(b), for every prime $p\ge5$. The prime powers: Proposition~\ref{prop:primepower}. (c) $q=4$: Theorem~\ref{thm:S4}; $q=49,121,125$: Proposition~\ref{prop:primepower}; $p\ge17$: case (f). $\Lev=16\N$: Theorem~\ref{thm:block}(c) (written proof for $p\ge29$, exact evaluation for $7\le p\le109$). (d) $q=121,169$: Proposition~\ref{prop:primepower}; $p\ge37$: case (f), since $37$ is the least prime above $2^5$. $\Lev=25\N$: Theorem~\ref{thm:block}(d), computer-assisted (the written proof of (c) covers $p\ge84$). (e) Theorem~\ref{thm:block}(d), computer-assisted. \end{proof} \begin{table}[t] \centering \footnotesize \caption{Coverage by dimension (Theorem~\ref{thm:coverage}): base, construction, level family $\Lev$ (the exponents $m$ with a certified bound on $\sep{P_m}$), the bound, and the kind of proof (``c.a.'': computer-assisted, with the scope stated in the cited result). The bound for every $N$ is $\LB\,q^{-\Delta_{\Lev}/s}$ with $\Delta_{\Lev}=s$ for $\Lev=s\N$ and $s\N-1$ and $\Delta_{\Lev}=s^2$ for $\Lev=s^2\N$ (Lemma~\ref{lem:prefix}). $\rho=\lfloor p^{1/s}\rfloor$. For $s=4,5$ the written proof of Theorem~\ref{thm:block}(c) gives $1-6/p$ and $1-17/p$ from $p=29$ and $84$ on. Constructions certified at every full level with constants tending to $1$ from large primes on (staggered windows, Section~\ref{sec:antipode}) are not repeated here.} \label{tab:coverage} \setlength{\tabcolsep}{3pt} \begin{tabular}{@{}c l l l l l@{}} \toprule $s$ & base & construction & $\Lev$ & $\sep{P_m}\ge$ & proof\\ \midrule 2 & $q=2$ & Thm.~\ref{thm:B2} & $2\N$ & $0.3678$ & c.a.\\ & $q=3$ & Rem.~\ref{rem:B3} & $2\N$ & $0.2669$ & c.a.\\ & $p\ge5$ & brick wall, Thm.~\ref{thm:WF} & $2\N$ & $(p-3)/(2p)$ & proof\\ & $p\ge5$ & residue seq., Cor.~\ref{cor:korobov} & $2\N-1$ & $(\rho-1)p^{-1/2}$ & proof\\ & $p\ge3$ & block-periodic, Thm.~\ref{thm:block}(a) & $4\N$ & $1-2/p$ & proof\\ & $q=8,\dots,128$ & Prop.~\ref{prop:primepower} & $2\N$ & Tab.~\ref{tab:primepower} & c.a.\\ \addlinespace 3 & $q=3$ & Thm.~\ref{thm:S3} & $3\N$ & $0.05598$ & c.a.\\ & $q=4$ & Thm.~\ref{thm:K4} & $3\N$ & $0.11293$ & c.a.\\ & $p=7$ & Thm.~\ref{thm:p7} & $3\N$ & $1/7$ & c.a.\\ & $p\ge11$ & stagg.\ residue, Cor.~\ref{cor:dyadic} & $3\N$ & $(\lfloor p/4\rfloor-1)/p$ & proof\\ & $p\ge11$ & residue seq., Cor.~\ref{cor:korobov} & $3\N-1$ & $(\rho-1)p^{-1/3}$ & proof\\ & $p\ge5$ & block-periodic, Thm.~\ref{thm:block}(b) & $9\N$ & $1-2/p$ & proof\\ & $q=25,\dots,169$ & Prop.~\ref{prop:primepower} & $3\N$ & Tab.~\ref{tab:primepower} & c.a.\\ \addlinespace 4 & $q=4$ & Thm.~\ref{thm:S4} & $4\N$ & $0.03013$ & c.a.\\ & $p\ge17$ & stagg.\ residue, Cor.~\ref{cor:dyadic} & $4\N$ & $(\lfloor p/8\rfloor-1)/p$ & proof\\ & $p\ge17$ & residue seq., Cor.~\ref{cor:korobov} & $4\N-1$ & $(\rho-1)p^{-1/4}$ & proof\\ & $p\ge7$ & block-periodic, Thm.~\ref{thm:block} & $16\N$ & $1-4/p$ ($p\ge11$) & c.a.\\ & $q=49,121,125$ & Prop.~\ref{prop:primepower} & $4\N$ & Tab.~\ref{tab:primepower} & c.a.\\ \addlinespace 5 & $p\ge37$ & stagg.\ residue, Cor.~\ref{cor:dyadic} & $5\N$ & $(\lfloor p/16\rfloor-1)/p$ & proof\\ & $p\ge37$ & residue seq., Cor.~\ref{cor:korobov} & $5\N-1$ & $(\rho-1)p^{-1/5}$ & proof\\ & $p\ge11$ & block-periodic, Thm.~\ref{thm:block} & $25\N$ & $1-8/p$ ($p\ge23$) & c.a.\\ & $q=121,169$ & Prop.~\ref{prop:primepower} & $5\N$ & Tab.~\ref{tab:primepower} & c.a.\\ \addlinespace 6; 7 & see (e) & block-periodic, Thm.~\ref{thm:block} & $36\N$; $49\N$ & Tab.~\ref{tab:block} & c.a.\\ \addlinespace $s$ & $p>2^s$ & stagg.\ residue, Cor.~\ref{cor:dyadic} & $s\N$ & $(\lfloor p/2^{s-1}\rfloor-1)/p$ & proof\\ & $p>2^s$ & residue seq., Cor.~\ref{cor:korobov} & $s\N-1$ & $(\rho-1)p^{-1/s}$ & proof\\ & $p\ge5a^*_s+4$ & block-periodic, Thm.~\ref{thm:block}(c) & $s^2\N$ & $1-(a^*_s+1)/p$ & proof ($s\ge4$)\\ \bottomrule \end{tabular} \end{table} \begin{figure}[t] \centering \paperfig{fig_coverage} \caption{Coverage for $s=2,\dots,7$ (Theorem~\ref{thm:coverage}). Each row is a level family: all full levels $s\N$, the prefixes $s\N-1$ one digit before them, and every $s$-th full level $s^2\N$ (which is contained in $s\N$, so every base covered in the first row is covered in the third). Dark: a written proof covers this base; light: computer-assisted only (the small-base theorems of this section, Theorem~\ref{thm:p7}, the exact evaluations of Theorem~\ref{thm:block}(c) below its proof range, and Theorem~\ref{thm:block}(d)); hatched: no $(0,s)$-sequence exists in base $q