\begin{tikzpicture}[x=1cm,y=1cm,every node/.style={font=\small},
pair/.style={draw,rounded corners=1pt,minimum width=1.25cm,minimum height=.62cm,inner sep=2pt}]
\path[use as bounding box] (0,0) rectangle (14.7,6.5);
\node at (7.35,6.15) {\(n=30,\quad p=37,\quad d=6,\quad m=18,\quad N=435\)};
\node[font=\footnotesize] at (7.35,5.62)
  {Pairs \((L_i,i)\), ordered first by \(L_i\), then by \(i\)};
\node[anchor=west,align=left] at (.2,4.8) {Odd residues\\\(X=1\)};
\foreach \t/\l/\i in {0/5/11,1/5/23,2/6/2,3/7/8,4/7/26,5/8/3,6/12/9}{
  \ifnum\t=0
    \node[pair,fill=blue!16,draw=blue!70!black] at ({3.4+1.45*\t},4.8) {\((\l,\i)\)};
  \else
    \node[pair,draw=black!45] at ({3.4+1.45*\t},4.8) {\((\l,\i)\)};
  \fi
}
\node at (13.8,4.8) {\(\cdots\)};
\node[text=black,font=\footnotesize] at (9.0,4.15)
  {Selected: \(Q_{11}=5+18=23,\quad \alpha_{11}=0\)};
\node[anchor=west,align=left] at (.2,3.5) {Even residues\\\(Y=6\)};
\foreach \t/\l/\i in {0/2/7,1/2/27,2/4/1,3/5/16,4/5/18,5/7/14,6/7/20}{
  \ifnum\t<6
    \node[pair,fill=orange!18,draw=orange!85!black] at ({3.4+1.45*\t},3.5) {\((\l,\i)\)};
  \else
    \node[pair,draw=black!45] at ({3.4+1.45*\t},3.5) {\((\l,\i)\)};
  \fi
}
\node at (13.8,3.5) {\(\cdots\)};
\node[text=black,font=\footnotesize] at (8.95,2.83)
  {Selected \(Q_i\): \(21,21,23,24,24,26\); each final bit is \(1\)};
\node[draw,rounded corners=1pt,align=center,inner sep=7pt,font=\footnotesize] at (2.05,1.72)
  {Exclude index zero:\\\((L_0,0)=(3,0)\)\\\(Q_0=3,\quad \alpha_0=0\)};
\node[draw,rounded corners=1pt,inner sep=9pt] at (9.5,1.72)
  {\(\underbrace{303}_{\text{low total}}
  \quad+\quad\underbrace{1\cdot18}_{r_i\text{ odd}}
  \quad+\quad\underbrace{6\cdot19}_{r_i\text{ even}}
  =435=N\)};
\node[font=\footnotesize] at (7.35,.55)
  {The selected prefixes add exactly \(D=132\), using increments \(m\) and \(m+1\).};
\end{tikzpicture}