\newcommand{\spec}{\operatorname{Spec}}
\newcommand{\spf}{\operatorname{Spf}}
\newcommand{\spa}{\operatorname{Spa}}
\newcommand{\spd}{\operatorname{Spd}}
\newcommand{\gal}{\operatorname{Gal}}

\newcommand{\ovfp}{\overline{\mathbb{F}}_{p}}
\newcommand{\qpbar}{\overline{\mathbb{Q}}_{p}}
\newcommand{\fpbar}{{\overline{\mathbb{F}}_{p}}}
\newcommand{\qpbr}{\breve{\mathbb{Q}}_{p}}
\newcommand{\zpbr}{\breve{\mathbb{Z}}_{p}}
\newcommand{\zpbar}{\overline{\mathbb{Z}}_{p}}
\newcommand{\qp}{{\mathbb{Q}_{p}}}
\newcommand{\zp}{{\mathbb{Z}_{p}}}
\newcommand{\fp}{{\mathbb{F}_{p}}}
\newcommand{\fq}{{\mathbb{F}_{q}}}
\newcommand{\zlocp}{\mathbb{Z}_{(p)}}
\newcommand{\frob}{\mathrm{Frob}}
\newcommand{\R}{\mathbb{R}}
\newcommand{\C}{\mathbb{C}}

\newcommand{\ql}{{\mathbb{Q}_{\ell}}}
\newcommand{\zl}{{\mathbb{Z}_{\ell}}}
\newcommand{\fl}{\mathbb{F}_{\ell}}
\newcommand{\ba}{\mathbb{A}}
\newcommand{\afp}{{\mathbb{A}_{f}^{p}}}
\newcommand{\af}{{\mathbb{A}_{f}}}
\newcommand{\flbar}{{\overline{\mathbb{F}}_{\ell}}}
\newcommand{\qbar}{\overline{\mathbb{Q}}}
\newcommand{\zbar}{\overline{\mathbb{Z}}}
\newcommand{\qlbar}{\overline{\mathbb{Q}}_{\ell}}

\newcommand{\art}{\operatorname{Art}}
\newcommand{\nilp}{\operatorname{Nilp}}

\newcommand{\gx}{{(\mathsf{G}, \mathsf{X})}}
\newcommand{\gv}{\mathsf{G}_{V}}
\newcommand{\gvx}{(\mathsf{G}_{V},\mathsf{H}_{V})}
\newcommand{\bgmu}{B(G,\mu^{-1})}
\newcommand{\g}{\mathsf{G}}
\newcommand{\ebreve}{\breve{E}}
\newcommand{\oebreve}{\mathcal{O}_{\breve{E}}}
\newcommand{\calg}{\mathcal{G}}
\newcommand{\scrs}{\mathscr{S}}
\newcommand{\scrp}{\mathscr{P}}
\newcommand{\gab}{\mathsf{G}^{\mathrm{ab}}}
\newcommand{\gsc}{\mathsf{G}^{\mathrm{sc}}}
\newcommand{\gder}{\mathsf{G}^{\mathrm{der}}}
\newcommand{\bun}{\operatorname{Bun}}
\newcommand{\rH}{\mathrm{H}}
\newcommand{\sh}{\mathbf{Sh}}
\newcommand{\Hom}{\operatorname{Hom}}

\newcommand{\gafp}{\mathsf{G}(\afp)}
\newcommand{\gaf}{\mathsf{G}(\af)}
\newcommand{\proet}{\text{pro-\'et}}
\newcommand{\ul}[1]{\underline{#1}}
\newcommand{\crys}{\mathrm{crys}}

\newcommand{\cm}{\varphi}
\newcommand{\lanran}{\langle \cdot, \cdot \rangle}
\newcommand{\h}{\mathsf{H}}
\newcommand{\hy}{{(\mathsf{H}, \mathsf{Y})}}

\newcommand{\lieh}{\mathfrak{h}_0}
\newcommand{\liep}{\mathfrak{p}_0}
\newcommand{\liepc}{\mathfrak{p}}
\newcommand{\liehc}{\mathfrak{h}}
\newcommand{\cS}{\mathcal{S}}

\newcommand\restr[2]{{% we make the whole thing an ordinary symbol
  \left.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace % automatically resize the bar with \right
  #1 % the function
  \vphantom{\big|} % pretend it's a little taller at normal size
  \right|_{#2} % this is the delimiter
  }}